Nigeria

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Basic Country Information

Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
Income Group: Lower Middle Income
Population: 232.68 million
GNI per Capita: 807 USD
Urban population: 55% of total
Life expectancy at birth: 54 years
Human Development Index (HDI): 0.56

How does Nigeria control corruption?

Forecasted trend:

Stationary

	Integrity	Transparency
Country’s Score	3.96/10	12.5/20
World Rank	107/119	68/143
Regional Rank	19/31	2/31
Income group Rank	30/36	/36

Index of Public Integrity

IPI Score: 3.96 / 10

The IPI score is the mean of the six components scores, which result from the standardization and normalization of original source data to range between 1 and 10 using a min-max-transformation, with higher values representing better performance.

Components	Component Score (max=10)	World Rank	Income Group Rank	Regional Rank
Opportunities for Corruption
Administrative Burden	0	/119	/36	/31
Trade Openness	0	/119	/36	/31
Administrative Transparency	4	88/119	19/36	7/31
Online Services	5.17	85/119	15/36	6/31
Budget Transparency	3.78	104/119	28/36	21/31
Constraints on Corruption
Judicial Independence	3.93	89/119	25/36	21/31
Freedom of the Press	4.36	85/119	17/36	21/31
E-Citizenship	2.5	101/119	28/36	12/31

Opportunities are permanent enabling circumstances for corruption. Empirical evidence exists that administrative discretion (lack of administrative transparency and poor regulation) combined with unaccountable resources (non-transparent public finance, both from domestic sources and international aid) create opportunities for corruption.

Constraints are permanent disabling circumstances of corruption. They encompass the legal response of authorities as well as the response by society (a free press and digitally enabled citizens organized as civil society or as individual voters).

Societies manage to control corruption if they find the right balance between opportunities and constraints.

Transparency in Nigeria

T-Index Score: 12.5 / 20 (20 = 100%)

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on our sources

T-Index

World
Average

Income Group
Average

Regional
Average

The total fulfillment of items on De Jure and De Facto adds up to 100%
on the basis of which we calculate the individual performance of a country

De Facto Transparency: 6.5 / 14

De Facto Components ↓ Live, online, and freely accessible sources of public data. These data sources were assessed as complete and freely available (1 point), partial and/or paid access (0.5 point), or missing (0 points).
Past expenditures (last fiscal year)	Yes
Current expenditures (budget tracker)	Partial
Public Procurement Portal	Yes
Land cadaster	No
Register of commerce	Yes
Auditor General's report	No
Supreme Court's hearings schedule	Yes
Supreme Court's rulings	No
Financial disclosures for public officials	No
Conflict of interest disclosures	No
Official Development Assistance (ODA)	Partial
Mining concessions	Yes
Building permits in the capital city	No
Official gazette	Partial

De Jure Transparency: 6 / 6

De Jure Components ↓ Formal transparency commitments by governments. Formal agreements that met category criteria (see Methodology) were assessed as existing (1 point) or not (0 points).
Freedom of Information Acts (FOIA)	Yes
Open Government Partnership (OGP)	Yes
United Nations Conventions Against Corruption (UNCAC)	Yes
Financial Action Task Force Against Money Laundering (or equivalent)	Yes
Plurinational transparency agreement (EITI, OECD, WTO GPA, or CPTPP)	Yes
Beneficial Ownership	Yes

Give us feedback on our sources
Please download our full dataset here
Note: Links last accessed in December 2024.

Nigeria's Corruption Forecast

Forecasted trend:

Stationary

Nigeria has been progressing only on civil society (e-citizenship). It overperforms its region (which admittedly has a low average) and income group on transparency. It publishes public contracts on an accessible portal as well as mining concessions and a register of commerce. But these advances are offset by poor judicial independence and freedom of the press. It would be advisable to improve judicial transparency, as the Auditor General’s reports and Supreme Court rulings are not available online to the public.

Components	2015	2025	Trendline
Budget Transparency	4.29	3.48		0
Judicial Independence	4.11	3.93		0
Press Freedom	6.68	4.72		-1
E-Citizenship	2.1	2.51		0
Online Services	4.24	5.17		0

positive change; negative change; change not statically significant.

For Budget Transparency, period considered is 2008-2019. For Administrative Burden, time frame available was insufficient for trend assessment. For Judicial Independence, last value available is for 2019. Due to insufficient data on Facebook users, E-citizenship was computed as the mean of the remaining two sub-indicators (fixed broadband subscriptions and Internet users). Missing values for 2020 in either of the sub-indicators were replaced with the latest available data point.